Background. Adipokines are a group of cytokines or peptides secreted by adipose tissue to exert numerous biological functions. In\nthe present study, we measured the plasma levels of four adipokines (adiponectin, leptin, fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4), and\nvisfatin) in cardiac arrest patients following return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). Methods. Totally, 21 patients who\nexperienced cardiac arrest and successful ROSC with expected survival of at least 48 hours (from January 2016 to December\n2017) were consecutively enrolled into this prospective observational clinical study. Of the 21 enrolled patients, ten survived,\nand other eleven died between 2 days and 6 months post ROSC. Venous blood was drawn at three time points: baseline\n(<1 hour post ROSC), 2 days post ROSC, and 7 days post ROSC. Plasma concentrations of adiponectin, leptin, FABP4,\nand visfatin were determined using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Results. The plasma visfatin levels at\n2 or 7 days post ROSC increased significantly compared with the baseline (P < 0:01), while plasma levels of adiponectin,\nleptin, and FABP4 did not change. Moreover, plasma visfatin levels in survivors at 2 or 7 days post ROSC were higher\nthan those in nonsurvivors (P < 0:01). Plasma visfatin levels at 2 or 7 days post ROSC were negatively correlated with Acute\nPhysiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score and time to ROSC. Moreover, receiver operating characteristic\ncurve analysis showed that the plasma visfatin levels at 2 or 7 days post ROSC were good predictors for survival of the patients.\nConclusion. Elevated plasma visfatin levels may be a marker for better outcome of cardiac arrest patients post ROSC.
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